INDIGENOUS PEOPLE

KAYAPO

Did you ever heard about Kayapo tribes? Did you know about this tribe? Let me tell you all about this tribe. Kayapo is one of the ethnic group of the Brazil. Kayapo tribe just like other indigenous people which keep a relationship with the surrounding nature. Kayapo are a nomadic people. In Kayapo culture, water element is celebrated through a very important custom, which they will prove their resistance. This celebration ends with a big fishing party by using plant roots that enable temporarily decrease the oxygen level of the specific river area and therefore catch the fish.

Kayapo men usually wear discs in their lower lip. For Kayapo, body adornment symbolizes many things. For example, ear plugs symbolize receptivity other while lip plug symbolize assertive. Aggressive group like Kayapo will signal their aggressiveness by not wearing large ear plug which mean they do not listned to other well, by sporting exaggerated lip plug, and by wearing penis sheaths. During rainy season they live in highly complex wheel-shaped area of the Matto Grosso in Brazil. But, during dry season they break up into smaller bands and disperse into a wider area.

ORATOR

PERFECT ORATOR

Do you nervous when you do the presentation in front of many peoples?
Have you ever heard about this great people such as Tun Mahathir Mohammad or or Barack Obama ? These names evoke the power of the spoken word. There is an art to oratory and it can be learned. An orator is a person in a love affair with the crowd. ust as two people in love are comfortable with each other, an orator is always comfortable with his crowd. Great orators use techniques such as the call and response or the exalted tone. You can become an orator if you want to with practice.

How to become a good orator?

First, you must understand your topic well. If you already understand your topic, there will be no problem for you to explain about it. Besides than , you must make eye contact with your audience. If can try to include in some humours in your speech. This will help you to gain your audience attention and their focus towards your speech.

Self confidence is important in order for you to make a good speech. Without your confidence, your voice will sounded shaky and this will make your audience cannot understand anything that you said and make them lost interest at pour speech. Please bear in mind that in order for you to make a good speech, you must practise a lot. By practising, you can organise your speech well and be well prepared if something went wrong.

SUBCULTURE

EMO

Emo is one of many subculture nowadays. What is emo? Emo is a mode, a musical form a fashion sense, subculture and a lifestyle. The name of emo come from the musical type or genre that is called emotive hardcore. The term of emo is the short name from the word ‘emotional’. People who are usually involve in this subculture are teenagers. This emo gang have their own identities such as have straight black hair which usually long and closed one of their eyes. Other than that, they are always wearing black cloth, wearing black glasses and wearing tight. People who are emo usually loves music. They are emotional and sensitive people.

For emo guys, they usually have pierced lips. Some of this emo guys like to kiss with same sex like them. For emo girls, they love to wear emo clothing such as wearing black cloth. The emo girls has darken hair same as emo guys and this emo girls usually has short. They cut their hair short or to their shoulders. Some of them coloured their hair with light colour a little with stripe pattern. Sometimes they will let their hair hang down in their eyes covering their eyes. Emo girls are a sensitive girls. They will cry a lot. This emo like to express their self and their feelings throught the poem or musics. This emo gang hate being compared to ‘goth’ which goth is another subculture. They hate because they said that emo and goth are different in fashion style. Although goth also use eyeliner same as emo, but their fashior and identity are not the same.

MEGACITY

A megacity are defined as a metropolitan area with a total population in excess of 10 million people Megacities can be distinguished from global cities by their rapid growth, new forms of spatial population density, and both formal and informal economies, as well as poverty, crime, and high levels of social fragmentation .In 2009, there were many megacities – conurbations such as Tokyo, New York City, Los Angeles and Mexico City.
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Actually , megacities will give more effect to their culture in term bad effect or good impact .What will happen when they achieve megacity level? The answer is increasing the unemployment rate.That is because increasing population in their city but the job is so limited. By the environmental challenge ,megacity will produre more building that is beautiful and also powerful difference with non megacity area.

The people of megacity area is more matured and more clever than non- megacity . Their grads and knowledge about the world are more better than non-megacity area. Besides than, their more facility so powerful and complete. But it will increasing. The congested especially in the road. That is because increasing the number of cars or vehicles in the road because of high technology that they have. However by increasing number vehicles in the road, wiil give another problem such as air pollution, noisy pollution and trafik jam.

Eventhough they have many ways to solve their problem, but they still did not have enough space to settle their problem completely especially in text 'unemployment rate' .But they have reasons to move furthr in megacity so that they can maintain in comfortable condition.

DISCRIMINATION

Prejudice and discrimination are negative manifestations of integrative power. Instead of bringing or holding people together, it pushes them apart. Prejudice and discrimination produce effects in the psychological, social, political and economic domains. Whether intended or not, the effects are compounded by loss of self worth, a sense of alienation from the wilder society, political dis empowerment and economic equalities.



One of the most destructive types of prejudice is based on someones race or cultural group. The United Nations uses this definition of race in all its important documents relating to race issues, "Race is a social group based on the physical differences of skin tone, hair texture, and facial features. The differences contribute to our uniqueness and humanity. Because people can be grouped by any number of physical differences (height, foot size, resistance to certain diseases


Beside that, discrimination occur in British Society as Themes in Pygmalion. These themes uphold the idea of equal opportunities of wealth and education to all, despite class and gender. The social barriers and class divisions are shown through the characters in Pygmalion. Exposing the difference between a flower girl and a lady and a dustman and a gentleman, Shaw conveys the transformation between the realities in which two of characters encounter. The themes of social class language and education, and appearance verses reality are few among the many themes mentioned in Pygmalion.


As conclusion, discrimination give more negative effect to develop of society, because that mean, value of humanity must be fair in all aspect, examples, education, economic , social, and more than. Now day, discrimination should to abolish and give new opportunity to an other people.

MEDIA

MEDIA

In general, "media" refers to various means of communication. For example, television, radio, internet, magazines and the newspaper and more than. Nowdays, we can see, media is very important to our life. Beside that, media also are method of communication to a vast amount of people around the world. The media have a few main function, which include information, education, and entertaining us. Futher more media brings the information regarding what happening in politics, industry, economic and an other.

Media like comunication for humans, has its advavtages and disadvantages, but media has more advantages to offer the world.examples, internet is new connection to our people, such as e mail, my space, face book, friendster, and more than. This comunication can know, what your friend or family do, without space The media has become a strong barrier of communication between families and the outside world.

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Negative effect of media, can influence to teenager,chlidren, and society, for examples, television has also influence mind for chlidren, because, when children spend more time to watch broadcasts chanel in television, like cortoon, movie, and more than,beside that, Teenagers will expost to formidable issues like sex, drugs, divorce, and gun violence.

As conclusion, media is important medium by given information and knowledge. Media give more benifet s and negative effect to the people.

COMUNICATION

By referring Kamus Dewain second addition, communication is a process of transferring information from one entity to another. Communication processes are sign-mediated interactions between at least two agents which share a repertoire of signs and semiotic rules communication can be perceived better as a two-way process in which there is an exchange and progression of though, feelings or ideas towards a mutually accepted goal or direction.

The examples of comunication as speaking, singing and sometimes tone of voice, and nonverbal physical means, such as body langueage, sign language and eye contact.Comunication are divides into many group such as, oral comunication, graphic comunication and science comunication.Nowaday, comunication very important to all people in the world, because any work need skill comunication to make work easy.


Comunication can category into two group such as bad and good comunication. Good comunication are facilitate people to communicate effectively with one another and understand responses received from others.Wheres bad comunication are people cannot speak english well and made many mistake. Many way to improve skill of communiation such as must confiende and brave during speak to another people. Besides that,we must think positifly went speak to people.

ART

Malaysia have many ethnic such as Melayu, Iban, Chinenes, Indian and so on.Every ethnic have own art.In Sarawak have many ethnic, that have tradisional art such as in dance, musical instrument and custom.The most popular musical instrument in sarawak during festival and celebration is sape.This intrument is traditional lute of Orang ulu.

The sape is a simple instrument, with one string carrying the melody and the accompanying strings as rhythmic drones. Sape played during festival celebration and ceremonies such as marriages, births and harvest time within the long house.It became a social intrument that use for entertainmen.

Usually, sape is play while sitting croos legged on teh floor to accompany dance.one for the men's longhouse dance, the other for the women's. Examples dance accompany are sape music is Ngajat and Datun Julud.When played for a dance, two sapes tuned to different registers are usually used and though the sape is solo intrument.Today, the musical of sape is alive and kicking.Young generation of Orang ulu, must know how to play sape and to prevent from extinct.